In the system account Vietnamese accounting, account financial reserve fund plays a key role in the recognition/management of the reserves of finance. Understanding/applying the correct account this not only helps businesses protect assets but also creates transparency in financial reporting. So financial reserve fund is any account? Let's Accnet read below the article below!
1. Financial reserve fund is any account?
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Financial reserve fund account is 415 under the system account, accounting |
Account 415 is used to record the financial reserve of the business, purpose reflects the amount that the business provisioning to deal with the financial risk in the future.
The provisions relating to accounts 415:
- The finance department must be recorded in an honest way, based on an estimate of the financial risks that can occur.
- When setting up reserves, funds appropriated must be recorded at the cost of the accounting period current at the same time reflect on account of 415 to track.
2. The case of accounting for fund financial reserve account 415
Here is the case of accounting, specific to business reference, apply the right accounting regulations.
2.1. Fund financial reserve
Business determine the need to establish a reserve fund financing for the potential risks, the amount will be credited to the cost management business account, 415.
For example: company A established risk reserve fund and financial 100 million for the account to be uncollectible.
- Debt TK 642 - Cost management business: 100 million
- Have TK 415 - financial reserve Fund: 100 million
2.2. Use of the reserve fund financial accounts 415
Business encountered financial risks have the room earlier, the reserve fund will be used to compensate for this loss.
For example: Business A used 50 million from the reserve fund to compensate for a bad debt not be recovered.
- Debt TK 415 - Fund financial reserve: 50 million
- Have TK 131 - customer receivables: 50 million
2.3. Adjusted financial reserve fund account 415
Adjust to increase the reserve fund
Business reviews back, and saw the need to increase the level of redundancy, additional funds will be credited to the cost management business, increase added to the reserve fund.
For example: Business A definite need to increase more 20 million in the fund financial reserves.
- Debt TK 642 - Cost management business: 20 million
- Have TK 415 - financial reserve Fund: 20 million
Adjustable reduction reserve fund
Business file level backup current exceeds demand, the redundancy is not required will be entered into income.
For example, company A determines that the standby current exceeds demand and complete import 10 million.
- Debt TK 415 - financial reserve Fund: 10 million
- Have TK 711 - other income: 10 million
2.4. Accounting when not using all financial reserve fund account 415
Business check back the reserves at the end of the accounting period, if the amount of the non-use of business will fully enter the balance on income.
For example: business A review, complete, enter 15 million reserve not used before.
- Debt TK 415 - Fund financial reserve: 15 million
- Have TK 711 - other income: 15 million
2.5. Accounting reserve fund with respect to the item other
Provision for diminution in value of inventory
When making provision for diminution in value of inventory, business will be extracted into cost of goods sold, credited to the reserve fund.
For example: Business B provision for decline in value of inventories 30 million.
- Debt TK 632 - cost of sales: 30 million
- Have TK 415 - financial reserve Fund: 30 million
Use of the reserve for impairment of inventories
When inventory is reduced real prices, the business will use the reserve fund was set up to record the decrease in inventory value.
For example: company B is determined to have 20 million inventory is reduced by the actual price.
- Debt TK 415 - financial reserve Fund: 20 million
- Have TK 156 - inventory: 20 million
2.6. Accounting contingency costs
Provisioning cost product warranty
Provision for warranty costs, product business will be recorded in cost of sales and in the reserve fund.
For example: Business C provision for warranty costs, product 10 million.
- Debt TK 641 - Cost of sales: 10 million
- Have TK 415 - financial reserve Fund: 10 million
Use of the reserve cost product warranty
Incurred warranty costs fact, the business will use the reserve fund was established.
For example: Business, C to use 7 million from the reserve fund to product warranty.
- Debt TK 415 - Fund financial reserve: 7 million
- Have TK 641 - Cost of sales: 7 million
3. Benefits and limitations of financial reserve fund account 415
Benefits for business:
- Reserve fund to help businesses have the resources to deal with the financial risks surprises, ensure the stability and sustainability.
- The provisioning, management, reserve funds in accounts 415 help businesses recorded, reflecting faithfully the financial risks, create transparency in financial reporting.
Difficulties encountered when using accounts 415:
- Determining the level of provisioning reasonable may be difficult due to the requirements should be based on accurate estimates of financial risk.
- The management and use of the reserve fund requires caution, comply with the accounting principles, avoid the use of funds in an arbitrary way.
4. Note when using account reserve fund financial 415
Remembering the note below to use financial reserve fund account 415:
- Businesses need to comply with the regulations on accounting/legal
- The reserve fund should be evaluated periodically to ensure the project is consistent with the actual situation.
- The change in price can affect the real value of the reserve fund.
- The economic fluctuations can increase the level of financial risk, which requires businesses to adjust the level of room accordingly.
- Business should have a detailed plan about the set up/use of the reserve fund, ensuring funds are used for the right purpose.
- The track/regular reviews help businesses make timely adjustments in reserve funds when necessary, ensuring reflect the true financial situation.
Management financial reserve fund requires the business to have planned, recorded, tight control of costs, in order to ensure transparency, coped with the financial risks. However, the track craft often cause errors, difficulties in the allocation of funds, delay the process of financial decisions.
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Through the article on you have grasped the knowledge of financial reserve fund is any account? Understand and effectively use accounts 415 main step is smart for business advanced management capabilities, risks, achieve financial goals in a sustainable way.
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